The verb say is unique in English in that the vowel is pronounced differently in the 3rd person of the present simple. Normally, the 'a' in say is pronounced just the same as the 'a' in 'day' but, in the 3rd person he says, it is pronounced like the e in get. The past and participle forms said also have the e (as in get) pronunciation.

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Learners often mix up the verbs rise and raise. The former is an intransitive verb (it does not take an object) and means go up. The sun rises in the east. VAT has risen by 2%. This verb is irregular with past rose and participle risen.
The verb raise, on the other hand, is both transitive and regular and means make something go up. He raised his eyebrows. The government has raised VAT by 2%.

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The verb cost in its usual sense 'have a price' is irregular, with past cost and participle cost. But it can also be used to mean 'estimate the price', in which case it is regular, with past and participle costed. The engineers costed the project at 6 million.
The verb fit follows a similar pattern. Used to mean 'be the right size', it is irregular, with past fit and participle fit. But when it means 'shape or equip', it has past fitted and participle fitted as in the expression fitted kitchen.

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Many irregular verbs admit prefixes like a- (arise), for- (forsee), mis- (misread), over- (overdo), re- (rewind), without change in the meaning of the stem or in their past and participle forms. However, in rare cases, (become, forgive, mistake, understand etc) these verbs have acquired a sense which is quite independent of the meaning of the stem and so must be listed as verbs in their own right.

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A number of Class 2 (weak) verbs like burn, burned or burnt, burned or burnt can take the alternative -t ending in past and participle, principally in UK usage.
There are no hard and fast rules, but in collocations where the participle is used attributively, the -t ending is common.
We say a spoilt child, a burnt out case and cry over spilt milk However, we say the learned doctor, not the learnt doctor.

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The verb cleave has a variety of meanings and forms. Opinions differ, but idiomatic evidence supports the following broad distinction.
Cleave (split) may be conjugated cleave, cleft, cleft as in The baby was born with a cleft palate. or cleave, clove, cloven The devil has a cloven hoof.
Cleave (adhere) is best conjugated as regular. She clung to him, she cleaved to his body. (The Rainbow, D H Lawrence)

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The verb shine has regular and irregular cognates. When it is intransitive, ie used with no object, the past and participle is shone. The sun shone, having no alternative, on the nothing new. (Murphy, Samuel Beckett) However, used with an object, it is regular. He shined (polished) shoes outside the station.

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A number of Class 5 (strong) verbs have both a regular and an irregular participle.
The strong form is often archaic but is still preferred in many collocations where the participle is used as an adjective.
We say The ice has melted. but (volcanoes produce) molten lava. We say I haven't shaved. but He was clean-shaven. Likewise, the poor are downtrodden, the oppressed are heavy-laden.

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The past and participle forms of the verb bid may vary according to its meaning.
When it means to make an offer, as when someone bids at an auction, the past is bid and the participle bid.
Boeing bid for the contract but it went to Airbus.
The second use (ask or tell someone to do something) is somewhat archaic. The past may be bid or, more often, bade and the participle bid or bidden.
150000 mourners bade the President farewell in an emotional funeral.

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The verb hang can be regular or irregular.
When it refers to a method of execution, the past and participle are regular.
The British hanged Robert Emmett in Dublin in 1803.
Otherwise, hang is irregular with past and participle hung.
He hung his jacket on the back of a chair.

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The verbs lie (deceive), lie (recline) and lay are often confused.
The regular verb lie (say something which isn't true) has past and participle lied.
The (intransitive) verb lie (lie down or rest), is irregular, with past lay and participle lain.
The wreck has lain at the bottom of the ocean for hundreds of years.
On the other hand, the (transitive) verb lay (put or set), has past and participle laid.
He laid the map on the table.

---

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Audio	Infinitive	Past	Past Participle	Level
be.wav	be	was or were	been	1
begin.wav	begin	began	begun	1
buy.wav	buy	bought	bought	1
catch.wav	catch	caught	caught	1
come.wav	come	came	come	1
do.wav	do	did	done	1
drink.wav	drink	drank	drunk	1
eat.wav	eat	ate	eaten	1
find.wav	find	found	found	1
get.wav	get	got	got or gotten	1
give.wav	give	gave	given	1
go.wav	go	went	gone	1
have.wav	have	had	had	1
hear.wav	hear	heard	heard	1
leave.wav	leave	left	left	1
lose.wav	lose	lost	lost	1
make.wav	make	made	made	1
meet.wav	meet	met	met	1
read.wav	read	read	read	1
see.wav	see	saw	seen	1
take.wav	take	took	taken	1
write.wav	write	wrote	written	1
become.wav	become	became	become	2
break.wav	break	broke	broken	2
bring.wav	bring	brought	brought	2
build.wav	build	built	built	2
cut.wav	cut	cut	cut	2
drive.wav	drive	drove	driven	2
fall.wav	fall	fell	fallen	2
fly.wav	fly	flew	flown	2
forget.wav	forget	forgot	forgotten	2
grow.wav	grow	grew	grown	2
hit.wav	hit	hit	hit	2
keep.wav	keep	kept	kept	2
know.wav	know	knew	known	2
lend.wav	lend	lent	lent	2
let.wav	let	let	let	2
put.wav	put	put	put	2
ride.wav	ride	rode	ridden	2
ring.wav	ring	rang	rung	2
run.wav	run	ran	run	2
say.wav	say	said	said	2
send.wav	send	sent	sent	2
sing.wav	sing	sang	sung	2
sit.wav	sit	sat	sat	2
sleep.wav	sleep	slept	slept	2
speak.wav	speak	spoke	spoken	2
spend.wav	spend	spent	spent	2
stand.wav	stand	stood	stood	2
swim.wav	swim	swam	swum	2
teach.wav	teach	taught	taught	2
tell.wav	tell	told	told	2
think.wav	think	thought	thought	2
throw.wav	throw	threw	thrown	2
understand.wav	understand	understood	understood	2
wake.wav	wake	woke	woken	2
wear.wav	wear	wore	worn	2
win.wav	win	won	won	2
bear.wav	bear	bore	borne	3
bear.wav	bear	bore	born	3
beat.wav	beat	beat	beaten	3
bend.wav	bend	bent	bent	3
bet.wav	bet	bet or betted	bet or betted	3
bite.wav	bite	bit	bitten or bit	3
blow.wav	blow	blew	blown	3
burn.wav	burn	burnt or burned	burnt or burned	3
burst.wav	burst	burst	burst	3
choose.wav	choose	chose	chosen	3
creep.wav	creep	crept	crept	3
deal.wav	deal	dealt	dealt	3
dig.wav	dig	dug	dug	3
draw.wav	draw	drew	drawn	3
feed.wav	feed	fed	fed	3
feel.wav	feel	felt	felt	3
fight.wav	fight	fought	fought	3
flee.wav	flee	fled	fled	3
forgive.wav	forgive	forgave	forgiven	3
freeze.wav	freeze	froze	frozen	3
hide.wav	hide	hid	hidden	3
hold.wav	hold	held	held	3
hurt.wav	hurt	hurt	hurt	3
lay.wav	lay	laid	laid	3
lead.wav	lead	led	led	3
learn.wav	learn	learnt or learned	learnt or learned	3
light.wav	light	lit or lighted	lit or lighted	3
mean.wav	mean	meant	meant	3
mistake.wav	mistake	mistook	mistaken	3
pay.wav	pay	paid	paid	3
quit.wav	quit	quit or quitted	quit or quitted	3
rid.wav	rid	rid or ridded	rid, ridden or ridded	3
sell.wav	sell	sold	sold	3
set.wav	set	set	set	3
shake.wav	shake	shook	shaken	3
shine.wav	shine	shone	shone	3
shoot.wav	shoot	shot	shot	3
show.wav	show	showed	shown or showed	3
sink.wav	sink	sank or sunk	sunk	3
steal.wav	steal	stole	stolen	3
stick.wav	stick	stuck	stuck	3
swear.wav	swear	swore	sworn	3
sweep.wav	sweep	swept	swept	3
swing.wav	swing	swung	swung	3
tear.wav	tear	tore	torn	3
bid.wav	bid	bid	bid	4
bleed.wav	bleed	bled	bled	4
cost.wav	cost	cost	cost	4
dream.wav	dream	dreamt or dreamed	dreamt or dreamed	4
fit.wav	fit	fit	fit	4
forbid.wav	forbid	forbade	forbidden or forbid	4
grind.wav	grind	ground	ground	4
hang.wav	hang	hung	hung	4
kneel.wav	kneel	knelt or kneeled	knelt or kneeled	4
knit.wav	knit	knit or knitted	knit or knitted	4
lean.wav	lean	leant or leaned	leant or leaned	4
leap.wav	leap	leapt or leaped	leapt or leaped	4
lie.wav	lie	lay	lain	4
rise.wav	rise	rose	risen	4
sew.wav	sew	sewed	sewn or sewed	4
shrink.wav	shrink	shrank or shrunk	shrunk	4
shut.wav	shut	shut	shut	4
slide.wav	slide	slid	slid	4
smell.wav	smell	smelt or smelled	smelt or smelled	4
speed.wav	speed	sped or speeded	sped or speeded	4
spell.wav	spell	spelt or spelled	spelt or spelled	4
spill.wav	spill	spilt or spilled	spilt or spilled	4
spin.wav	spin	spun	spun	4
spit.wav	spit	spat or spit	spat or spit	4
split.wav	split	split	split	4
spoil.wav	spoil	spoilt or spoiled	spoilt or spoiled	4
spread.wav	spread	spread	spread	4
spring.wav	spring	sprang or sprung	sprung	4
sting.wav	sting	stung	stung	4
stink.wav	stink	stank or stunk	stunk	4
strike.wav	strike	struck	struck or stricken	4
sweat.wav	sweat	sweat or sweated	sweat or sweated	4
swell.wav	swell	swelled	swollen or swelled	4
upset.wav	upset	upset or upsetted	upset or upsetted	4
weave.wav	weave	wove or weft	woven or weft	4
weep.wav	weep	wept	wept	4
wet.wav	wet	wet or wetted	wet or wetted	4
wind.wav	wind	wound	wound	4
bid_2.wav	bid	bid or bade	bid or bidden	5
bind.wav	bind	bound	bound	5
blend.wav	blend	blent or blended	blent or blended	5
bless.wav	bless	blest or blessed	blest or blessed	5
breed.wav	breed	bred	bred	5
cast.wav	cast	cast	cast	5
cling.wav	cling	clung	clung	5
cost_2.wav	cost (vr)	costed	costed	5
dive.wav	dive	dove or dived	dove or dived	5
fit_2.wav	fit (vr)	fitted	fitted	5
fling.wav	fling	flung	flung	5
hang_2.wav	hang (vr)	hanged	hanged	5
lie_2.wav	lie (vr)	lied	lied	5
melt.wav	melt	melted	molten or melted	5
mow.wav	mow	mowed	mown or mowed	5
prove.wav	prove	proved	proven or proved	5
saw.wav	saw	sawed	sawn or sawed	5
seek.wav	seek	sought	sought	5
shave.wav	shave	shaved	shaven or shaved	5
shear.wav	shear	shore or sheared	shorn or sheared	5
shine_2.wav	shine (vr)	shined	shined	5
shit.wav	shit	shit, shat or shitted	shit, shat or shitted	5
sling.wav	sling	slung	slung	5
slit.wav	slit	slit	slit	5
sneak.wav	sneak	snuck or sneaked	snuck or sneaked	5
sow.wav	sow	sowed	sown or sowed	5
stride.wav	stride	strode	stridden	5
strive.wav	strive	strove or strived	striven or strived	5
tread.wav	tread	trod	trodden or trod	5
wed.wav	wed	wed or wedded	wed or wedded	5
wring.wav	wring	wrung	wrung	5
bereave.wav	bereave	bereft or bereaved	bereft or bereaved	6
beseech.wav	beseech	besought or beseeched	besought or beseeched	6
bide.wav	bide	bode or bided	bidden, bode or bided	6
bode.wav	bode	bode or boded	boden or boded	6
bust.wav	bust	bust or busted	bust or busted	6
chide.wav	chide	chid or chided	chid or chided	6
cleave.wav	cleave	clove or cleft	cloven or cleft	6
cleave.wav	cleave	cleaved	cleaved	6
crow.wav	crow	crew or crowed	crowed	6
dwell.wav	dwell	dwelt or dwelled	dwelt or dwelled	6
forsake.wav	forsake	forsook	forsaken	6
geld.wav	geld	gelt or gelded	gelt or gelded	6
gild.wav	gild	gilt or gilded	gilt or gilded	6
gird.wav	gird	girt or girded	girt or girded	6
heave.wav	heave	hove or heaved	hove or heaved	6
hew.wav	hew	hewed	hewn or hewed	6
lade.wav	lade	laded	laden or laded	6
pen.wav	pen	pent or penned	pent or penned	6
reave.wav	reave	reft or rove	reft or reaven	6
rend.wav	rend	rent or rended	rent or rended	6
rive.wav	rive	rove or rived	riven or rived	6
shed.wav	shed	shed	shed	6
shite.wav	shite	shit, shat or shited	shit, shat or shited	6
shoe.wav	shoe	shod or shoed	shod or shoed	6
slay.wav	slay	slew or slayed	slain or slayed	6
slink.wav	slink	slunk or slinked	slunk	6
smite.wav	smite	smote	smitten	6
stave.wav	stave	stove or staved	stove or staved	6
strew.wav	strew	strewed	strewn or strewed	6
string.wav	string	strung	strung	6
thrive.wav	thrive	throve or thrived	thriven or thrived	6
thrust.wav	thrust	thrust or thrusted	thrust or thrusted	6
waylay.wav	waylay	waylaid	waylaid	6
wreak.wav	wreak	wroke or wreaked	wroken or wreaked	6

This collection of grammar exercises provides a ready-to-go photocopiable resource for hard-pressed teachers who need to give extra grammar practice to students from lower through upper intermediate level. It is also available to download in printable format.   Preview Here

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